Modification of the inflow have been believed to be critically important for tornado formation within cumuliform clouds for decades, based on observations, numerical simulations and theoretical arguments. Recently, there has been interest in small scale surges of precipitation-driven downdrafts within the outflow on mature tornadoes. The influence of the topography has also been of significant interest. However, because of the difficulty in making measurements around tornadoes under controlled conditions, and lack of observations at the lower levels, most of this smallscale dynamics has to be examined using idealized numerical simulations. We first review the current state of knowledge concerning tornadoes formation and dynamics as well as the convective clouds within which they form. Then, we present idealized numerical experiments designed to study the impact of the modification of the inflow by downdraft surges or topography. Results suggest that stronger surges of the outflow briefly produce significantly more intense tornadic winds.

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